Nobel Medicine Prize goes to the trio to work on immunosuppress

Nobel Prize 2025 in physiology or medicine went to three researchers – Mary Brankoand Farid Ramzel and Shimon Sakajui – Who has discovered a major type of immune cell that helps to stop the immune system attacks itself.

“I have launched a completely new field of immunology,” he said, “He said,” He said, “He said Mary and Herlinus. At the Carolinska Institute in Sweden.

The immune cells called T cells play a major role in immunity by seizing gaseous viruses and bacteria through receptors on their surface. New types of T cells are created throughout our lives.

Sometimes, newly created TT receptors receive our special proteins instead of viral or bacterial, which can cause cases such as type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis.

The body contains a system for eliminating T -self -interactive T cells, with those newly composed to the test gland for the test. It has long been believed that it was the only way in which the T cells targeting the self are eliminated.

But in 1995, Sakajucci of the University of Kyoto in Japan showed in mouse experiences that some other cells that revolve in the bloodstream should be protected in one way or another from the automatic interaction T cells. If the thymus gland is removed from the mice after birth, Sakaguchi is found, then animals develop autoimmune conditions. But if the cells are injected from healthy mice in them, this is prevented. Its team found that the specific T -cells responsible for this have a protein called CD25 on its surface, called by TD25 regulatory cells.

Meanwhile, BRUNKOW, who is now at the Institute of Biology in Seattle, Washington and Amsdel, was a vital Sonoma Treatment Adviser in San Francisco, California, studying a strain of mice that is likely to obtain car immunity conditions. In 2001, Brunkow and RAMSDELL found that these mice have a boom in a gene on the X chromosome called Foxp3.

People with mutations in this gene can be particularly infected with autoimmune diseases, due to a condition known as IPEX syndrome. In 2003, Sakajucci showed that these two discoveries are linked – Foxp3 Jane plays a major role in developing the CD25 organizational cells discovered by his team. Wahran Herlinus said that many researchers were skeptical of the former demands of Sakajui. But Brunkow and RAMSDELL got the case.

Discovering organizational T cells can lead to better treatments for a wide range of conditions. On the one hand, strengthening the number of organizational T cells can help in suppressing autoimmune reactions that cause conditions such as type 1 diabetes. On the other hand, reducing the number of organizational T cells can enhance the immune response against cancer. There are a number of clinical trials ongoing now.

“Their discoveries were crucial to our understanding of how the immune system works and why not all develop serious autoimmune diseases,” Ully CampbieThe head of the Nobel Committee, said in a statement.

Topics:

• The immune system/ /
• Nobel Awards